{"id":22812,"date":"2020-01-22T14:27:29","date_gmt":"2020-01-22T14:27:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/application\/"},"modified":"2023-09-20T18:25:32","modified_gmt":"2023-09-20T18:25:32","slug":"application","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/pt-br\/boron\/application\/","title":{"rendered":"Application"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-661043-84dadccb94d9e6b39550cb03226de51e\">\n.flex_column.av-661043-84dadccb94d9e6b39550cb03226de51e{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-661043-84dadccb94d9e6b39550cb03226de51e av_one_full  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-ktbo4uqq-06159c8cd951f73ef0f10e49b02c0117 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h1><b>Panorama da geoqu\u00edmica do boro (B)<\/b><\/h1>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-ktbo60uq-043de5af18c815bbd3b8f5c59c8d747d '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O boro tem duas formas de is\u00f3topos est\u00e1veis (<sup>10<\/sup>B<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <sup>11<\/sup>B<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">), assim como 13 formas de is\u00f3topos radioativos (de <sup>7<\/sup>B<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0a <sup>21<\/sup>B<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, excluindo-se as formas est\u00e1veis). As formas est\u00e1veis de boro s\u00e3o os \u00fanicos is\u00f3topos que ocorrem naturalmente, sendo que <sup>10<\/sup>B<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> comp\u00f5e 20% do boro natural e <sup>11<\/sup>B<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0comp\u00f5e 80%. <\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-ktbo60uq-043de5af18c815bbd3b8f5c59c8d747d '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div id=\"attachment_7874\" style=\"width: 938px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7874\" class=\"wp-image-7874 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Converted-Isotope-Graphics-1-e1631116315949.png\" alt=\"boron isotopes\" width=\"928\" height=\"408\" srcset=\"https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Converted-Isotope-Graphics-1-e1631116315949.png 928w, https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Converted-Isotope-Graphics-1-e1631116315949-300x132.png 300w, https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Converted-Isotope-Graphics-1-e1631116315949-768x338.png 768w, https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Converted-Isotope-Graphics-1-e1631116315949-705x310.png 705w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 928px) 100vw, 928px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-7874\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em>As duas esp\u00e9cies isot\u00f3picas de boro normalmente empregadas em estudos geoqu\u00edmicos (\u00e0 esquerda) e as outras 13 esp\u00e9cies isot\u00f3picas radioativas de boro (\u00e0 direita)<\/em><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-71xmf7-c4358b340db1d0110dc9e13e724a4877\">\n.flex_column.av-71xmf7-c4358b340db1d0110dc9e13e724a4877{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-71xmf7-c4358b340db1d0110dc9e13e724a4877 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p><section  class='av_textblock_section av-k5pg800j-53f42811d03bf7a809e99df6d69d77fc '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Os diferentes materiais dos sistemas da terra e as condi\u00e7\u00f5es ambientais s\u00e3o caracterizados por faixas distintas da <strong>raz\u00e3o isot\u00f3pica do boro<\/strong>. Portanto, esse par\u00e2metro \u00e9 extensivamente usado no mapeamento geoqu\u00edmico, rastreamento de fonte, previs\u00e3o de contamina\u00e7\u00e3o, ciclos globais de carbono e estudos de circula\u00e7\u00e3o dos oceanos.<\/p>\n<div style=\"border: 2px solid gray; padding: 10px;\"><b>Amostras aceitas para a an\u00e1lise de boro:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> conchas, corais, carbonatos e \u00e1gua.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es em <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/boron\/sample-types\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tipos e sele\u00e7\u00e3o de amostras<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0para a an\u00e1lise de boro.<\/span><\/div>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter embed-responsive-item\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/CqbBjgZtTpE\" width=\"803\" height=\"452\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">Aviso legal: este v\u00eddeo est\u00e1 hospedado em um site de terceiros e poder\u00e1 conter publicidade.<br \/>\nEsse v\u00eddeo \u00e9 parte do webinar do Beta Analytic: <a title=\"Boron Isotopic Analysis\" href=\"https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/boron-isotopes-webinar\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Boron Isotopic Analysis<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='hr av-1v70j7-a17a3b8032f9d62d15ab77ee302fe842 hr-default  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-k5pg800j-53f42811d03bf7a809e99df6d69d77fc '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h3><strong>Paleoclimatologia e paleoceanografia<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>O boro dissolvido em \u00e1gua marinha aparece primariamente na forma de duas esp\u00e9cies mononucleares, o \u00e1cido b\u00f3rico (H<sub>3<\/sub>BO<sub>3<\/sub>\u00a0ou B(OH)<sub>3<\/sub>) e o borato (BO<sub>3<\/sub><sup>-3<\/sup>\u00a0ou B(OH)<sub>4<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>), com fracionamento distinto entre as duas esp\u00e9cies, de forma que o \u00e1cido b\u00f3rico \u00e9 enriquecido no is\u00f3topo mais pesado (<sup>11<\/sup>B) por 27,2%. A propor\u00e7\u00e3o relativa dessas esp\u00e9cies depende do pH, como ilustrado abaixo:<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><em>B(OH)<sub>3<\/sub>\u00a0+ H<sub>2<\/sub>O\u00a0<\/em><em>\u2194 B(OH)<sub>4<\/sub><sup>\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0+ H<sup>+<\/sup><\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">pH alto <em>\u2194 <\/em>pH baixo<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>O boro \u00e9 incorporado aos carbonatos biog\u00eanicos e inorg\u00e2nicos primariamente como as esp\u00e9cies de borato. Por\u00e9m, as esp\u00e9cies e concentra\u00e7\u00f5es particulares do boro incorporado aos carbonatos biog\u00eanicos (como conchas) dependem do pH. Dessa forma, a composi\u00e7\u00e3o isot\u00f3pica do boro de carbonatos marinhos biog\u00eanicos reflete o pH da \u00e1gua marinha.<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: center; margin: 0 auto; display: table;\"><a class=\"zoom\" href=\"https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/\u03b4B-and-pH-in-N-Atlantic.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"zoom wp-image-1569\" src=\"http:\/\/isobarscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/image-3.png\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 421px) 100vw, 421px\" alt=\"Boron and pH in sediments\" width=\"421\" height=\"352\" srcset=\"https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/image-3.png 421w, https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/image-3-300x251.png 300w\" \/><\/a> <em><span class=\"caption\" style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 11px; text-align: center;\">A correla\u00e7\u00e3o entre \u03b4<sup>11<\/sup>B e pH em carbonatos marinhos de testemunhos sedimentares do Atl\u00e2ntico Norte durante os \u00faltimos 150 mil anos (Chalk et al., 2019).<\/span><\/em><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-k5pg800j-53f42811d03bf7a809e99df6d69d77fc '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div class=\"wp-block-image\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Com pH de n\u00edveis baixos no oceano, o boro \u00e9 tipicamente integrado a conchas em forma de B(OH)<sub>3<\/sub>, enquanto o B(OH)<sup>4\u2212<\/sup>\u00a0\u00e9 a esp\u00e9cie presente em per\u00edodos de pH alto. Normalmente, um aumento de 0,1 no pH da \u00e1gua marinha resulta em um aumento de ~1\u2030 de \u03b4<sup>11<\/sup>B em carbonatos biog\u00eanicos marinhos. Como os valores do pH da \u00e1gua marinha diminuem com o aumento da absor\u00e7\u00e3o de di\u00f3xido de carbono (CO<sub>2<\/sub>), o \u03b4<sup>11<\/sup>B \u00e9 uma representa\u00e7\u00e3o que pode ser usada para restringir estimativas da concentra\u00e7\u00e3o atmosf\u00e9rica de CO<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0do passado (<em>p<\/em>CO<sub>2<\/sub>) e do balan\u00e7o carbon\u00e1tico do oceano. Essas informa\u00e7\u00f5es ajudam a melhor entender condi\u00e7\u00f5es clim\u00e1ticas hist\u00f3ricas e varia\u00e7\u00f5es no ciclo global de carbono. A rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre boro e pH oce\u00e2nico pode ser analisada em uma escala de circula\u00e7\u00e3o oce\u00e2nica, e foi at\u00e9 mesmo usada como evid\u00eancia de fuga de carbono oce\u00e2nico durante o \u00faltimo degelo (Mart\u00ednez-Bot\u00ed et al. 2015).<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-k5pg800j-53f42811d03bf7a809e99df6d69d77fc '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div id=\"attachment_7876\" style=\"width: 810px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7876\" class=\"wp-image-7876 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/boric-acid.jpg\" alt=\"chemical composition of boron\" width=\"800\" height=\"416\" srcset=\"https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/boric-acid.jpg 800w, https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/boric-acid-300x156.jpg 300w, https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/boric-acid-768x399.jpg 768w, https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/boric-acid-705x367.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-7876\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em>A rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre pH e porcentagem de duas esp\u00e9cies diferentes de boro (https:\/\/jpt.spe.org\/comparison-methods-boron-removal-flowback-and-produced-waters)<\/em><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-k5pg800j-53f42811d03bf7a809e99df6d69d77fc '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<p>Leia mais em nosso blog:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/studying-past-climates-boron-isotopes\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O estudo de climas passados com is\u00f3topos est\u00e1veis<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/shells-corals-carbonates-analysis\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Conchas, corais e outros carbonatos<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='hr av-1v70j7-a17a3b8032f9d62d15ab77ee302fe842 hr-default  avia-builder-el-11  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-k5pg800j-53f42811d03bf7a809e99df6d69d77fc '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h3><strong>Mapeamento geoqu\u00edmico e detec\u00e7\u00e3o de fonte de contaminantes<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>O boro \u00e9 amplamente usado na ind\u00fastria (lubrificantes, fundentes, aditivos), na agricultura (micronutriente de fertilizantes) e no ambiente dom\u00e9stico (agente clareador). O boro \u00e9 um importante aditivo na fabrica\u00e7\u00e3o do a\u00e7o para aumentar a temperabilidade de um material. Por exemplo, a\u00e7os de boro s\u00e3o empregados extensivamente na ind\u00fastria nuclear para proteger sistemas e controlar rea\u00e7\u00f5es nucleares, devido \u00e0 sua habilidade natural de absorver n\u00eautrons. Em outras ind\u00fastrias, um composto de boro conhecido como borato de s\u00f3dio (&#8220;Borax&#8221;) \u00e9 largamente usado em detergentes para a remo\u00e7\u00e3o de manchas e limo, assim como em produtos cosm\u00e9ticos como conservante e agente tamponador.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n<div class='flex_column_table av-3ti3cz-2e9e1e0f737cb99d9fb6299be58a43c5 sc-av_one_half av-equal-height-column-flextable'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-3ti3cz-2e9e1e0f737cb99d9fb6299be58a43c5\">\n.flex_column.av-3ti3cz-2e9e1e0f737cb99d9fb6299be58a43c5{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-3ti3cz-2e9e1e0f737cb99d9fb6299be58a43c5 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-13  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-top av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-k8sq87pm-3dcb6c3c41aadd1c41a814d67a79da48 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div id=\"attachment_2020\" style=\"width: 1010px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2020\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-2020 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Boron-Release-new.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 378px) 100vw, 378px\" alt=\"Boron Release New\" width=\"1000\" height=\"776\" srcset=\"https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Boron-Release-new.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Boron-Release-new-300x233.jpg 300w, https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Boron-Release-new-768x596.jpg 768w, https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Boron-Release-new-705x547.jpg 705w\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-2020\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em>Estimativa de toneladas de boro introduzidas no meio ambiente desde 1972 (Dados da EPA-68-01-3201,1976).<\/em><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<div class='av-flex-placeholder'><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-212k9v-892a96cd46837d8442ba004de2d66dce\">\n.flex_column.av-212k9v-892a96cd46837d8442ba004de2d66dce{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-212k9v-892a96cd46837d8442ba004de2d66dce av_one_half  avia-builder-el-15  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_textblock  flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-top av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-k8sq87pm-3dcb6c3c41aadd1c41a814d67a79da48 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div id=\"attachment_7887\" style=\"width: 715px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7887\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-7887 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/b11b-vs-d15N.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 378px) 100vw, 378px\" alt=\"\" width=\"705\" height=\"547\" srcset=\"https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/b11b-vs-d15N.jpg 705w, https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/b11b-vs-d15N-300x233.jpg 300w\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-7887\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em>Assinatura de fonte de boro e raz\u00f5es isot\u00f3picas de nitrog\u00eanio em \u00e1gua (Briand et al., 2013).<\/em><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><!--close column table wrapper. Autoclose: 1 -->\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-k5pg800j-53f42811d03bf7a809e99df6d69d77fc '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Devido \u00e0 ampla utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o do boro em tantos e diversos produtos, ele acaba sendo liberado no meio ambiente de forma frequente. Com base em dados proporcionados pela Ag\u00eancia de Prote\u00e7\u00e3o Ambiental dos Estados Unidos (EPA, 1976), apenas em 1972 um total de 35,5 quilotoneladas de boro foi lan\u00e7ado no meio ambiente, do qual 73% foram introduzidos diretamente na \u00e1gua. A libera\u00e7\u00e3o de boro \u00e9 particularmente problem\u00e1tica, pois n\u00e3o s\u00f3 o boro n\u00e3o pode ser destru\u00eddo no meio ambiente, como ele muda sua forma ao separar-se e agregar-se a outras part\u00edculas em solos, sedimentos e \u00e1guas. Esse boro pode eventualmente chegar em alimentos (vegetais e frutas), j\u00e1 que \u00e9 um nutriente essencial para o crescimento das plantas.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-24k5vn-7b3242ac298a5a4249976eee24297aea hr-default  avia-builder-el-18  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-k6sb01tx-984d53fd9ed58c50c64ccacbf40f1506 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h4>Refer\u00eancias<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Briand, C., Plagnes, V., Sebilo, M., Louvat, P., Chesnot, T., Schneider, M., Ribstein, P. and Marchet, P., (2013). Combination of nitrate (N, O) and boron isotopic ratios with microbiological indicators for the determination of nitrate sources in karstic groundwater. Environmental Chemistry, 10(5), pp.365-369. DOI: 10.1071\/EN13036<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chalk, T.B., Foster, G.L. and Wilson, P.A., (2019). Dynamic storage of glacial CO2 in the Atlantic Ocean revealed by boron [CO<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">2\u2212<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">] and pH records. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 510, pp.1-11. DOI: 10.1016\/j.epsl.2018.12.022<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">EPA (Environmental Protection Agency), (1976). Chemical technology and economics in environmental perspectives. Task II- Removal of Boron from wastewater. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Toxic Substances, Washington, D.C. 20460<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Giri, S.J., Swart, P.K. and Pourmand, A., (2019). The influence of seawater calcium ions on coral calcification mechanisms: Constraints from boron and carbon isotopes and B\/Ca ratios in Pocillopora damicornis. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 519, pp.130-140. DOI: 10.1016\/j.epsl.2019.05.008<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mart\u00ednez-Bot\u00ed, M.A., et al. (2015). Boron isotope evidence for oceanic carbon dioxide leakage during the last deglaciation. Nature, 518(7538), pp.219-222. DOI: 10.1038\/nature14155<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-d3zxv-1ba22df4de10596b32ee39277315adfa\">\n.flex_column.av-d3zxv-1ba22df4de10596b32ee39277315adfa{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-d3zxv-1ba22df4de10596b32ee39277315adfa av_one_half  avia-builder-el-20  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-k8q8fder-3f760e6fd37f478eb0d523d004b0cb77\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-k8q8fder-3f760e6fd37f478eb0d523d004b0cb77 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-k8q8fder-3f760e6fd37f478eb0d523d004b0cb77 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div style=\"background: #f6f6f6; padding: 20px 18px;\">\n<h4 style=\"color: black;\"><strong>T\u00f3picos relacionados<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.2;\"><a style=\"font-size: 15px;\" href=\"https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/boron\/method\/\">Methodology: Boron Isotope Analysis<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.2;\"><a style=\"font-size: 15px;\" href=\"https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/boron\/sample-types\/\">Sample Requirements for Boron Isotope Analysis<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 1.2;\"><a style=\"font-size: 15px;\" href=\"https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/boron-isotopes-on-water\/\">Boron Isotopes on Water<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":22948,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-22812","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/22812","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22812"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/22812\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28258,"href":"https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/22812\/revisions\/28258"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/22948"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/isobarscience.com\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22812"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}